Although organic silicon is widely used, its history is only more than one hundred years.

 

       In 1863, French chemists C. Friedel and Krafts (JMCrafts) started from SiCl4 and ZnEt2 and reacted in a sealed tube at 160°C to prepare the first organic compound containing Si-C bonds. Silicon compound SiEt4: 2ZnEt2+SiCl4SiEt4+2ZnCl2

 

       In 1872, A. Ladenburg used ZnEt2, Si(OEt)3Cl and Na to react to prepare a silane with silicon functional groups. Two years later, he set off from HgPh2 and SiCl4 to obtain PhSiCl3 in a sealed tube. In 1885, A. Polis used the nanocondensation method (ie Wurtz reaction) to prepare SiPH4 and so on. Until 1903, many chemists worked hard for the birth of silicone chemistry. People are used to calling this stage the founding period of silicone chemistry.

 

      British chemist F.S. Kipping conducted extensive and in-depth research on organosilicon chemistry from 1898 to 1944 and published 57 papers. One of his outstanding contributions is the use of Grignard reaction to synthesize hydrolyzable silanes with different functionalities, which will become the basis of the silicone industry in the future. The reaction can be indicated as follows:

 

       Solvent 3RMgCl+2SiCl4 = RSiCl3+ R2SiCl2+3MgCl2. During this period, W. Dilthey applied Grignard method to synthesize organosilicon compounds almost simultaneously with Kiping. Then he hydrolyzed Ph2SiCl2 into Ph2Si(OH)2, and then condensed to obtain hexaphenylcyclotrisiloxane (Ph2SiO)3, which is the first cyclic siloxane compound, which promotes the development of polysiloxane Play a good role. Later generations called this period the growth period of silicone. In the late 1930s, JFHyed (JFHyed) of Corning Glass Company of the United States, Pannold (WJPatnode) and Rocho (EGRochow) of General Electric Company, Dolgoff and Andrinov of the former Soviet Union and Germany Miller and others recognized the application prospects of silicone polymers and began to explore heat-resistant organic polymers with glass properties. Silicone resin was first made, and dimethyl silicone oil was made in 1940. In 1941 Rochow invented the direct synthesis of organochlorosilanes, and Miller also applied for a direct method patent. In 1942, Dow Chemical Company built an intermediate test device for methyl phenyl silicone resin and dimethyl silicone oil. In 1943, Dow Chemical and Corning Glass Co., Ltd. jointly established Dow Corning (Dow Corning, DC), which specializes in the production and research of silicone. In 1947, General Electric (GE) established the Silicone Division (later sold to

 

Apollo Private Equity Fund became the current Momentive Silicones).

 

       Entering the 1950s, Germany's Wacker (1951) Bayer (Bayer, a joint venture with GE after 1952), and Goldschmidt (Goldschmidt); Japan's Shin-Etsu Chemical (1953), Tokyo Shibaura Electric (merged in 1953) Toshiba Silicone Corporation, later a joint venture with GE) and Toray Silicone Corporation (in 1966, later a joint venture with DC and mainly DC); France’s Rhone-Poulenc (later merged into my country’s blue Star) and others have established silicone production facilities. From 1938 to 1965, due to the increase in monomer output and product varieties, the advancement of separation and purification technology and the improvement of polymerization process, various silicone oil, silicone rubber and silicone resin products came out one after another. People call this stage the development period of silicone.

 

       After 1965, the development and research, industrial production and popularization and application of organic silicon in industrial developed countries have entered a new stage of comprehensive development.

 

       China's organic silicon technology development started in 1952. At that time, the Beijing Laboratory of Chemical Industry (the predecessor of Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry) focused on the development of Grignard method to synthesize organochlorosilane technology, and the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (the predecessor of the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences) focused on the balance and polymerization of siloxane. In 1956, the Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry built an organosilicon intermediate test workshop. In 1958, the Shanghai Resin Plant built a production facility for direct synthesis of organochlorosilane. In 1967, the organic silicon part of Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry and Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry was merged into Chenguang Research Institute of Chemical Industry. In 1968, Xinghuo Chemical Plant (the predecessor of Bluestar Silicone) was established. During this period, silicone research units and manufacturers developed rapidly. Today, China has become the largest consumer and producer of organic silicon materials.